Nigerian Journal of Restorative Dentistry

Evaluation of 107 dental implant treatments at the restorative dentistry clinics of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital

2021-11-22T11:13:01+00:00

Objectives: Evaluation, review, and audit of dental implant treatment done in a hospital aids and contribute to improvement of treatment outcomes. This study reviewed dental implant treatment in a teaching hospital to develop a guide for successful future implant treatment. Methods: Records of patients who received dental implant treatment between 2012 to 2020 in the teaching hospital were retrieved. Patient's sociodemographic data, location of teeth replaced, type of surgical and loading protocol, brand of implant, survival rate of implants at 3, 6, 9 months and 12 months after loading of implants were obtained, immediate or delayed loading protocols was used. Three systems were used, the survival of implant and complications recorded during the 12 months review period. Data entry and analysis was performed with SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 75 participants comprised of 25(33.33%) males and 50(66.67%) females. The age range was 21 to 72 years. A total of 107 dental implant were placed Two thirds (72) implants were delayed loading, while 35 were loaded immediately. Delayed implant loading had a higher survival rate (87.5%) compared to immediate implant loading (80%). Mandibular implants had a significantly higher survival rate compared to maxillary implants (100% and 79.2% respectively; p value=0.387. Posterior implants had a higher survival rate than anterior implants, (91.3% and 80.3% respectively; p value=0.387 Conclusion: Loading protocol does not significantly affect implant survival rate. Implants placed in the mandible had a remarkably high survival rate because of quality of bone.

Caries experience and oral hygiene status of freshman undergraduate students in a Nigerian University.

2021-11-22T12:13:48+00:00

Objectives: Dental caries is an important public health problem across the world with plaque removal showed to be an important element of oral health in order to prevent dental caries, with good oral hygiene being an important primary preventive measure to prevent dental caries. To access the caries experience and oral hygiene status of freshman undergraduate student. Methods: This study adopted an analytic cross-sectional study of freshman students at the University of Benin. 100 male students and 100 female students participated in the study. Caries experience was assessed using the WHO caries assessment method (DMFT). Oral hygiene status was assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S ) by Greene and Vermillion. Results: The mean DMFT was 1-80 ± 2.04 among the study population. majority (91.0%) of the respondents had oral hygiene index of >1.2-3.0 (Fair oral hygiene). Caries experience was observed in 51.5% of the study population however, a higher proportion (93.2%) of those who had dental caries had fair oral hygiene. There was no statistically significant association between caries experience and oral hygiene status of the respondents, (p=0.175). A higher proportion of male participants had fair oral hygiene while only 4 female participants had poor oral hygiene and this was statistically significant (P=0.02). There was no statistically significant association between DMFT Scores and oral hygiene status among the participants, P=0.18 Conclusion: Caries experience was high however, there was no statistically significant association between caries experience and oral hygiene status among freshman undergraduate students.

Perception of dental appearance in an out patient population seeking oral healthcare in a Nigerian tertiary Institution.

2021-11-22T12:18:34+00:00

Objectives: To determine the perception of dental aesthetics among a population of Nigerian general out patients seeking oral care at the National hospital and to explore the correlation between background variables such as age, gender, dwelling place (urban/rural) and educational level with perception of dental aesthetics. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of all first-visit patients either referred from the general outpatient or walk-in-patients at the dental outpatient department of the National hospital, Abuja. The questionnaire used was an adaptation of that from a previously published study and consisted of 3 sections; sociodemographics, perceptions and attitudes to tooth appearance and clinical examination to determine the condition of the anterior teeth. All data was analysed using IBM SPSS 26.0. Results: Less than half (46.7%) of the respondents were of the opinion that very white teeth are the most beautiful teeth. However, majority of the respondents perceived very white teeth as not being natural (67.5%).There was a decrease in proportion of respondents who disagreed that very white teeth are the most beautiful teeth with increasing age. The status of the anterior teeth of the respondents was associated with the perception that very white teeth are the most beautiful teeth. Conclusion: Function seems a more important factor than aesthetic appearance in the provision of restorative treatment. Also, perceptive importance of dental appearance is a weighty concept that can easily be overlooked. It varies from age to age; level of education, occupation;and place of abode but not influenced by gender.

A randomized open-label trial of a novel anti-sensitivity dentifrice versus popular brand

2021-11-22T12:25:12+00:00

Objective: Dentinal sensitivity is a common complaint that dentists deal with in their practice. Despite agents already in use, the search for more effective agents continues. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness in the relief of dentinal sensitivity, taste and tissue-friendliness of a novel anti- sensitivity dentifrice with a known popular brand. Methods: A randomized mixed design with one between-subjects factor namely dentifrice group and one within-subjects factor namely, time. A two- point (four weeks apart) evaluation of dentinal sensitivity using a tactile stimulated response and subject-reported visual analogue scale scores. Data were analyzed using non-parametric alternatives due to violation of normality laws by post-treatment VAS data. Taste and adverse reactions were also compared.

Results: Both agents provided excellent relief from dentinal sensitivity except in two patients. Anti-sensitivity effectiveness judged by tactile stimulated, patient-reported VAS was similar between the two groups. There were no statistically-significant differences in effectiveness of relief from dentinal sensitivity. The taste of the popular brand was slightly better and there were no adverse effects. There were no adverse reactions recorded from either group.

Conclusion: The novel dentifrice was as effective as the popular brand in the relief of dentinal sensitivity.

Endodontic diagnoses: a correlation of diagnoses made by General dental practitioners and endodontists

2021-11-22T12:31:18+00:00

Objective: To correlate endodontic diagnoses made by General Dental Practitioners (GDPs) with (working) diagnoses made by (specialist) endodontists.

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 140 teeth in 109 patients seen in the Endodontics Unit after initial diagnoses by GDPs in the Oral Diagnosis Clinic. Socio-demographics, teeth involved and diagnoses made by the GDPs and the endodontists were the data collated and analyzed using the IBM SPSS software version 20.0. Results: Females were in the majority (52.3%) while the mean age of the patients was 38.1 ± 15.5years. Sixty-four (58.7%), of the patients were referred by the GDPs with a diagnosis of Acute Apical Periodontitis (AAP) while 31(28.4%) were diagnosed with Irreversible Pulpitis (IP). The working diagnoses by the endodontists for the patients included AAP (51.4%) and IP (29.4%). Among the patients that were diagnosed with AAP by the GDPs, 47(73.4%) matched the working diagnoses while among those that were diagnosed with IP by the GDPs, 21(67.7%) matched. Overall, of the 109 individual cases referred to the Endodontic Unit by the GDPs, 59 (53.8%) were misdiagnosed.

Conclusions: Although, statistically significant association was observed between initial and working diagnoses made by GDPs and endodontists, on a case-by-case basis, the percentage of misdiagnoses by the GDPs (53.8%) was overly high. Though the patients in this study had the benefit of review of their initial diagnoses by (specialist) endodontists, such misdiagnoses will be of greater consequences for the patients, dentists and the dental practices in practices where there are no such reviews. Keywords: Endodontic diagnoses, GDPs, endodontists.